A sea route, from Rome to Ephesus, would fit this need quite well. Hosea's meaning was a historical reference to the . Their Ungodly Character Portrayed (11-13), C. Prophecy: The Destruction of the Ungodly is Sure (14-19). Finally, there are three nautical analogies used in Jude 12-13 which have no parallel in 2 Peter. Why is the Book of Enoch not in the Bible if Jude quotes from it? Though it is of course conceivable that Jude lived much longer than that (our external evidence is almost nil), the 70s CE is a fairly reasonable. This email address is being protected from spambots. 3:13). with ten thousands of his saints, to execute judgment upon all, and to convince. 5. But not only is the evidence for a late date by no means compelling (see discussion under Date), but there is a major hurdle for the pseudepigraphical hypothesis to overcome: Why would anyone use the obscure name Jude unless this were a genuine work? (2) Verse 18a does indicate, taken at face value, that Jude cannot have written long after the death of the apostles, for the apostles wrote to you. This implies that many, if not most, of the original converts are still alive. We should note that this reference in Jude to the prophecy of Enoch does not agree fully with any passage in The Book of Enoch, and is likely not a quotation from any book. Second, the major difficulty in attributing this letter to the brother of the Lord is that the Greek is quite goodperhaps too good for a Galilean peasant. . This shows that some non-canonical sources can contain truth in them. of Jude suggests that the apostles with whom he normally associated had died. 2. I was wondering what you thought about this reference to the book of Enoch. 17:1-8; Lk. This double factthe antinomian false teachers and their sudden impact on the churchargues quite strongly for a predominantly Gentile audience. How can we say that the prophecy in Isaiah 42:2 applies to Jesus, given that he did cry out for people to repent, he cleansed the temple and he argued with the Pharisees? Fourth, Ephesus had been the hub of Pauls activityso much so that this is where John went to minister to pick up where Paul had left off. There are really only two problems (of any substance) with this identification. The answer is quite simple: during the war between Jerusalem and Rome (66-70). In v 12 he speaks of the false teachers as reefs at your love-feasts. This is the first metaphor Jude uses to describe the false teachers. There are other issues as well, which may indeed help to pinpoint the date more precisely. And, at this point I am sufficiently old to announce publicly that I am still of the position that I was right and my questioner wrong. 24:17). 4Guthrie, 904. You will flee by the valley of My mountains, for the valley of the mountains will reach to Azel; yes, you will flee just as you fled before the earthquake in the days of Uzziah king of Judah. Nevertheless, since this too is speculative, one must be careful not to build one speculation on top of another. Normally a date of c. 70-80 CE is most common. But this can hardly be true. (f) Juchasin, fol. 29See Bauckham, 141-42, for a discussion of other possible literary relationships (e.g., both are dependent on a common source, both are by the same author, etc.). Egypt has nothing specific to commend it (except its early acceptance in patristic literature), and quite a bit against it: in particular, which apostles wrote to the Egyptians (vv 17-18a)? Finally, Jude, the brother of the Lord, may be in view. Like Jude, Peter taught, "God spared not the angels that sinned, but cast them down to hell, and delivered them into chains of darkness, to be reserved unto judgment" (2 Peter 2:4). The original purpose for writing was altered when news of false teachers infiltrating into the church at Ephesus reached Jude. Unlike thesynodicalexams at which the (more sympathetic) professors asked the questions, at the classical exam, all the ministers within the classis participated. 15For fuller discussion, see that section. var path = 'hr' + 'ef' + '='; Thus, he turns their venerated scriptures against them, much as Jesus does to the Sadducees, who think they've wrestled Him to the ground on the issue of the resurrection with . 1. The specific destination of this epistle has been up for grabs among scholars. ct that Jude does not call himself an apostle in this letter renders this view implausible. It's Satan somehow deceiving the world through false "signs and wonders".----If you read this article on WorldNetDaily, and you want to have interest in Enoch and his prophecy, I would simply refer to what the Bible says about Enoch's prophecy in Jude 1:14-15 and ignore the publicity about the ancient "Book of Enoch". Consequently, a pseudepigraphical piece is almost ruled out since in such writings one of the major factors was attribution to an already well-known name.1. The Enoch described in Genesis is unrecognizable in the description left in Jude. evidence of Gentiles infiltrating Jewish congregations? Jude is only twenty-five verses long; fifteen of these appear in at least a very similar form in 2 Peter 2. In the least, this suggests that there must have been good lines of communication between his locale and that of the church. Jude 14 The Prophecy of Enoch By Wayne Jackson Jude refers to one of the Old Testament patriarchs when he says: ". As we have argued in our discussion of 2 Peter, your apostles probably refers to Paul and his associates. One view is that Jude, like all Jews at his time, and like the early church in general, was aware of the book 1 Enoch. Although we have dealt at some length with the probable bilingualism of first century CE Palestine, as well as the possibility of an amanuensis reshaping the thoughts of an author, one point is significant here. Jude pulls no punches, in his descriptions, and in his denunciation of those false prophets, and ungodly men. 46At the same time, in our hypothesis Jude was not aware of Johns recent departure (or perhaps arrival) for Ephesus. In v 12 Jude speaks of false teachers as [dangerous] reefs at your love-feasts.. If his enemies were citing 1 Enoch, Jude may be using their own book against them. This would be similar to a modern day preacher citing a line from an atheistic scientist or philosopher. xv. Although some scholars downplay the evidence,17 a reasonable reading18 of Jude suggests that the apostles with whom he normally associated had died. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. 37Once reason that the prophets were no longer necessary to mention is that Jude was simply trying to draw the connection between Peter and Paul, while Peter was trying to make the connection between Paul and true religion. Concerning the second argument, Bauckham points out that they cannot be called Gnostics. 14-16-Doom Prophesied by Enoch 14-The Lord will come 15-To judge the ungodly 17-19 Peril Foretold by Apostles 20-23 Call to Persevere 24-25 Doxology Introduction Jude's main purpose for writing this epistle is to combat the false teachers who have "crept in" unawares to the church (v. 4). Why would Jude write to this audience if the apostles were still around to minister to them? Another view, of course, is that Jude believed that 1 Enoch was inspired and that his quotation of 1 Enoch, by implication, is evidence that 1 Enoch is an authoritatively inspired book. The Lord comes with tens of thousands of his holy ones. If you read the book of Jude, you may recognize Adam, Sodom and Gomorrah, Balaam, Cain, the Exodus from Egypt, and Korah's rebellion. While the atheists book is not entirely true, it does contain true statements. tentative. The Cross And Christs Incarnation (Gal. ((k) Targum Jon. Enoch was a prophet of God and spoke His Word. There are really only two problems (of any substance) with this identification. It may be argued that these words of Christ were spoken much closer in time to the use of them by Paul (inActs 20) than the words of Enoch recorded in Judes epistle. The imagery is that of danger lurking beneath the surface, able to sink ships which are presumed to be in safe waters. Tertullian comments on its use of 1 Enoch, Origen speaks of the doubts of some, Didymus the Blind defended its authenticity, and Eusebius classified it with the. . No man can prove that the one before us is not of that character; no one can show that an inspired writer might not be led to make the selection of a true prophecy from a mass of traditions; and as the prophecy before us is one that would be every way worthy of a prophet, and worthy to be preserved, its quotation furnishes no argument against the inspiration of Jude. addy55a1c42e97c1fc3e695ee3fcd3e4f33f = addy55a1c42e97c1fc3e695ee3fcd3e4f33f + 'gmail' + '.' + 'com'; In our view, therefore, he was, Most scholars regard Jude to have been addressed to Jewish Christians. This could only be true after the death of Peter. If he were to write in 70 CE, he would be at least 60 years old and perhaps in his 70s. Paul even quotes from secular writers, the most notable of whom isAretus, whom he cited on Mars Hill (. What about non-Calvinists who reject evolution? The reason for this would most naturally be that the present false teachers only partially fulfilled Peters prophecy. There is no obvious requirement that every single word spoken or written under inspiration must necessarily end up in the canon of scripture. However, there are two other considerations which would tend to date it a bit later. Since Jude, in all likelihood, was not a fisherman, and since this material is not found in his source, it seems that he added the analogies for the sake of his readers.47 In v 12 Jude speaks of false teachers as [dangerous] reefs at your love-feasts.48 This is the first metaphor Jude uses to describe the false teachers. (5) Assuming that Jude used 2 Peterand that in some way he wanted to indicate that the present false teachers were predicted by Peter, it is most curious that their denial of the second coming of Christ is not mentioned in Jude. Thus Bauckham, in dating 2 Peter c. 80, must have Jude come earlier. If 2 Peter and Jude were both written to approximately the same audiences, this argues quite strongly for the priority of 2 Peter. Is he implying that the Book of Enoch is inspired? This is based on the fact that (a) his brother James wrote to Jewish Christians; (b) most of the apostles apparently worked among Jewish Christians, with Peter being the main apostle to the circumcision; (c) in our reconstruction, this epistle is written to one (or more) of Pauls churches, yet it is written precisely because Jude wants to show the common elements (v 3) in their faith; (d) the utterly Jewish nature of the epistle, in spite of its good Greek, also argues this. Jude began to write to these believers something of a treatise on soteriology, probably as a reminder that the gospel as they learned it from Paul was the true gospelhence, our common salvation (3). Further, since this letter is most likely intended (primarily) for a specific church, rather than as a circular letter. Jude does not state that there are ten million holy ones coming with Godlike 1 Enoch states. If 2 Peter and Jude were both written to approximately the same audiences, this argues quite strongly for the priority of 2 Peter. var addy_text3d25f1b5191e44f87f82ea669976aad4 = 'Classical Committee';document.getElementById('cloak3d25f1b5191e44f87f82ea669976aad4').innerHTML += '
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