spanish civil war ap euro

The point of the alliance was an assurance that if one nation went to war with 2 or more powers, then the others would join the war alongside the nation. Sarmad Kako 7th period DBQ Essay The Thirty Years War devastated all of Europe from 1618-1648. In the ensuing years, the government became increasingly divided between the socialists of the extreme left and the monarchists of the extreme right. Ferried back to Spain in Italian ships, under the leadership of the general Francisco Franco, the Nationalists, as they were called, took control of the Spanish central region, which supported the rising. a failed coup d'tat that occurred between the evening of Thursday, November 8 and the early afternoon of Friday, November 9, 1923, when the Nazi party's Fhrer Adolf Hitler, the popular World War I General Erich Ludendorff, and other leaders of the Kampfbund, unsuccessfully tried to gain power in Munich, Bavaria, and Germany. His painterly skills are often attributed to the influence of Renaissance masters, French intellectual, novelist, essayist and critic, best known as the author of In Search of Lost Time (in French la recherche du temps perdu, also translated as Remembrance of Things Past), a monumental work of twentieth-century fiction consisting of seven volumes published from 1913 to 1927, a semi-autobiographical novel in seven volumes by Marcel Proust. In 1939, the Fascist forces won (with help from Italy and Germany). The Spanish Civil War (18 July 1936 - 1 April 1939) was a civil war between Republicans and Nationalists. More recent estimates have been closer to 500,000 or less. one of the major German-language fiction writers of the 20th century. Fascism was on the march. It called for the elimination of primarily Jews, but also non-conformists, homosexuals, non-Aryans, and mentally and physically disabled. Contact us a 1922 novel by James Joyce, first serialised in parts in the American journal The Little Review from 1918 to 1920, and published in its entirety by Sylvia Beach on February 2, 1922, in Paris. a political slogan used by Irish nationalists in the latter nineteenth and early twentieth century. March 3, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 Mussolini had been involved to some extent in Spanish affairs before the revolt, an Irish writer and poet, widely considered to be one of the most influential writers of the 20th century. Renaissance & Exploration 1450-1648 . They wanted the sultan to restore a liberal parliamentary constitution in the Ottoman Empire and threatened that the empire would fall if the constitution was not brought back. divided between the socialists of the extreme left and the monarchists of the . About 500,000 people died in the war, and all Spaniards were deeply scarred by the trauma. The Ardennes attack was planned in total secrecy in almost total radio silence. Triple Entente The Triple Entente refers to the unofficial alliance between England, France, and Russia, created to counter the alliance Triple Alliance. boredom, disillusionment, or a desire for adventure as often as genuine the corps-level headquarters controlling the German Panzer divisions in Libya and Egypt during the North African Campaign of World War II; the term is commonly used to refer to the headquarters plus its attached combat units. He sought to introduce mathematics into philosophy, and rejected ambiguities of languages applied to morals and values. instructors. Cubism is a painting of a normal scene but painted so that it is viewed from multiple views while the positions of some of the parts are rotated or moved so that it is odd looking and scrambled. an aerial battle fought in World War II in 1940 between the German Luftwaffe (air force), which carried out extensive bombing in Britain, and the British Royal Air Force, which offered successful resistance. The Civil War took place because the rising was successful only in Old Castile, in Navarra, where Carlist support was decisive, and, of the larger towns, in Zaragoza, Sevilla, Crdoba, Valladolid, and Cdiz. Thus, the 100 Years' War Four causes are a dynastic dispute, Duchy of Aquitaine (England claim as ancient inheritance, Edward III claim Aquitaine and FR throne as edest heir of Philip the Frair), civil war in FR made war longer, economic factors (Flanders wool important to ENG). Updates? They captured the Basque northern provinces in the summer of 1937 and then Asturias, so that by October they held the whole northern coast. He was followed in May 1937 by Juan Negrn, also a socialist, who remained premier throughout the remainder of the war and served as premier in exile until 1945. Gavrilo Princip was a member of a secret society named Black Hand and was the assassinator of Franz Ferdinand. creating and saving your own notes as you read. Although largely overshadowed by the Supermarine Spitfire, the aircraft became renowned during the Battle of Britain. Moltke was the commanding officer in charge of the Shlieffen Plan in World War 1. Loyalist volunteers arrived in Spain as wellthe International Brigades, about 40,000 volunteers from Europe and the United States, democrats, socialists, communists, and workers eager to fight for a new order. The Nationalists and Republicans proceeded to organize their respective territories and to repress opposition or suspected opposition. Catalonia fell during February, and Valencia and Madrid collapsed Omissions? SparkNotes Plus subscription is $4.99/month or $24.99/year as selected above. Terms in this set (376) . The Soviet Union contributed equipment and supplies to the Republicans, who also received help from the Mexican government. a diplomatic conference, held in Washington, D.C. from November 1921 to February 1922. Franco's ensuing rein was one of oppression and tradition. These were delivered along with the usual political commissars, urging allegiance to the partly line. Nationalist, fascist leadership proved more effective at carrying If I've gotten a term wrong, join the "AP Euro - NDHS" Quizlet group, and you should be able to correct it. The Young Turks in the Ottoman Empire began the Turkish Revolution of 1908-09. The trials were held in the city of Nuremberg, Germany, from 1945 to 1949, at the Nuremberg Palace of Justice. In the 1890s it was used by the Gaelic League, which advocates the revival of the Irish language. The kite soared majestically over the treetops. the most bloody of the comparatively few European battles American forces experienced in WWII, the 19,000 American dead, stragety of Allies in World War 2 of capturing some Japanese-held islands and going around others, Suicide attacks by bomb-laden Japanese planes, a bloody and prolonged operation on the island of Iwo Jima in which American marines landed and defeated Japanese defenders (February and March 1945). The Republicans, aided by the Soviet Union, The ship had ten guns and was bigger and faster than previous ships. the Royal Irish Constabulary Reserve Force, which was one of two paramilitary forces employed by the Royal Irish Constabulary from 1920 to 1921, to suppress revolution in Ireland by targeting the IRA. First amphibious invasion ever. Republicans was the presence of the International Brigades. German word meaning "cleansed of Jews". While the European democracies stayed aloof, totalitarian powers both communist and fascist sent soldiers and supplies. extent as the Republicans. They were called the Central Powers because they were encircled by the Allied Powers. He ruled a military dictatorship until his death in 1975. in Spain's Second Republic was an electoral coalition and pact signed in January 1936 by various left-wing political organizations, instigated by Manuel Azaa for the purpose of contesting that year's election. By July 21 the rebels had achieved control in Spanish Morocco, the Canary Islands, and the Balearic Islands (except Minorca) and in the part of Spain north of the Guadarrama mountains and the Ebro River, except for Asturias, Santander, and the Basque provinces along the north coast and the region of Catalonia in the northeast. With only limited support from France, and none at all from Correct the punctuation in the following sentences by placing semicolons and colons where they are needed. What began as a failed coup spiraled into a proxy war between Europes fascist and communist countries, with the future Allies backing the Republicans and the Axis powers supporting Francos Nationalists. The thirty Years war was principally fought throughout Central Europe and involved most of the countries in Europe. The Allied Powers consisted mainly of Great Britain (the entirety of its empire), France, Russia, the United States, and Italy. The goal of these operations as planned by the Germans was to split the British and American Allied line in half, capturing Antwerp and then proceeding to encircle and destroy four Allied armies, forcing the Western Allies to negotiate a peace treaty in the Axis's favor. The Loyalists held the capital at Madrid, the Basque Country, and the developed eastern seaboard, including Catalonia with its cosmopolitan capital at Barcelona. You'll also receive an email with the link. By November 1936 the Nationalists had advanced to the outskirts of Madrid. At first it looked as if the plan would work, but Russia was able to mobilize its army much faster than anyone had anticipated and penetrated the border of East Prussia. In this You have these wonderful images, for instance. Between these extremes were other groups covering the political spectrum from monarchism and conservatism through liberalism to socialism, including a small communist movement divided among followers of the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin and his archrival, Leon Trotsky. This occupation cost the French the good will of the United Kingdom and the United States, who presumably thought this was too harsh an action and not warranted by the circumstances. A succession of governmental crises culminated in the elections of February 16, 1936, which brought to power a Popular Front government supported by most of the parties of the left and opposed by the parties of the right and what remained of the centre. a Swiss psychiatrist and founder of analytical psychology. French politician, was the Prime Minister of France three times: from 1936 to 1937, for one month in 1938, and from December 1946 to January 1947. Successfully staved off an invasion by the German Luftwaffe. On April 1, 1945, they invaded Okinawa, only 300 miles south of the Japanese home islands. Pan-Slavism was preached by leading Russians in the years of the Russo-Turkish War. until his death in 1975. leader of the American forces in Europe during WWII leader of troops in Africa and commander in D Day invasion, Italian fascist who rules after Mussolini and with whom the US negotiates a surrender (so much for unconditional surrender--Stalin embittered). The Paris Fair would give him an opportunity to bring the atrocities visited on the defenseless people of Guernica to the attention of the world, and so he set to work. within the ranks. government fell prey to corruption and faction, and support and organization Politically, their differences often found extreme and vehement expression in parties such as the Fascist-oriented Falange and the militant anarchists. It was attended by nine nations having interests in the Pacific Ocean and East Asia. (p. 797). one of the most distinguished German field marshals of World War II. The plan's strategy was to first defeat France in the West while Russia was hopefully very slowly mobilizing its army in the East, then using Germany's good railroads, cross over to the East and defeat Russia. aircraft and Soviet military advisors. on 2-49 accounts, Save 30% His analysis and critique of the European and German soul use modernized German and Biblical stories, as well as the ideas of Goethe, Nietzsche, and Schopenhauer, One of a group of intellectual philosophers of the 1920's in Vienna who believed in logical positivism. This war was begun when Italy declared war on Turkey and conquered Tripoli and the Dodecanese Islands. .And Generalismo Franco Franco is still dead. The start date of Operation Overlord. In the elections of February 1936 the left won a clear majority. Blum passed legislation extending the rights of the Arab population of Algeria. Europe was divided by the "iron curtain'. Government of the unoccupied part of France after the countries defeat by Germany, French general and statesman who became very popular during World War II as the leader of the Free French forces in exile (1890-1970). He served longer as the leader of the Labour Party than anyone else in British history. brutal massacre 1500 died and 800 were wounded, but the military targets in the She was a theorist of the Social Democratic Party of the Kingdom of Poland, later becoming involved in the German SPD, followed by the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany. It was carried out specifically by removing those involved from positions of influence and by disbanding or rendering impotent the organizations associated with it. steadily waned. They laid siege to it but were unable to get beyond the University City area. There were two battles of El Alamein, both during 1942. Renew your subscription to regain access to all of our exclusive, ad-free study tools. More from Heimler's History:AP REVIEW PACKS (aka, Ultimate Review Packet): +AP Euro: bit.ly/3DHtvz1+AP Government: https://bit.ly/377xQMD+APUSH: https://bit.. Truman, Churchill, and Stalin discussed the future of Europe but their failure to reach meaningful agreements soon led to the onset of the Cold War. The president of the Spanish Republic until nearly the end of the war was Manuel Azaa, an anticlerical liberal. Review the vocabulary word listed below. The Loyalists and their international volunteers fled, or were captured, tortured and murdered. On the other side, the Republican, were urban workers, most agricultural labourers, and many of the educated middle class. The actual Manhattan Project did not take place in NY. Russian revolutionary, "Father of anarchy," critiqued Marxism, involved in the first international and led many revolts in Russia against the tsar, German republican govt 1919-1933, result of Treaty of Versailles and Kaiser Wilhelm's abdication, First German chancellor during Weimar Republic, a left-wing Marxist revolutionary movement organized in Germany during and just after the politically volatile years of World War I, a Polish-born Marxist political theorist, socialist philosopher, and revolutionary. It failed in its purpose but was significant for later developments in international law. The wars end brought a period of dictatorship that lasted until the mid-1970s. Despite the division, the government managed to engage the greatest war effort since the First World War. The Spanish conflict quickly generated worldwide fears that it could explode into a full-fledged European war. one of the dominant political figures in 20th century Ireland. on 50-99 accounts. held at the Anfa Hotel in Casablanca, Morocco, from January 14 to 24, 1943, to plan the European strategy of the Allies during World War II. Republican violence occurred primarily during the early stages of the war before the rule of law was restored, but the Nationalist violence was part of a conscious policy of terror. It was called by the General Council of the Trades Union Congress (TUC) in an unsuccessful attempt to force the government to act to prevent wage reduction and worsening conditions for coal miners. While ground combat was somewhat reminiscent of World War Itanks had a comparatively limited role, and lines remained fixed for months at a timeHermann Grings Luftwaffe offered a glimpse of the role that air power would play in the German blitzkrieg. For Germany and Italy, Spain was a testing ground for new methods of tank and air warfare. AP European History Terms: World War II: Ms., Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, John Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen, Milady - Chapter 11 - Disorders and Diseases, USCG Rules Lights & Shapes (Rules 23 & 24), Letter to the author/ editor - useful phrases. The ever-cautious democracies, fearful of war, would not intervene, even to provide the Spanish government with weapons and supplies. It was a breeding ground for mass atrocities. Amidst this rapid political fluctuation, and in the dawn of the Spanish Civil War, came the advent of the Spanish Falange. suppressing a Filipino rebellion against increased control by a foreign government adopting a policy of containment to reduce European colonization around the world C adopting a policy of containment to reduce European colonization around the world annexing Hawaii and Puerto Rico into the United States after the Spanish-American War D They decided to Example 1. The right reacted with fervor. judgment of his military advisors, sending bombers and soldiers to Spain in After the war, he was crucial in the implementation of the Marshall Plan, which greatly accelerated Western Europe's economic recovery. Franz Ferdinand was emperor of Austria from 1896 until his death. Nationalist forces put the figure at 1,000,000, including not only those killed in battle but also the victims of bombardment, execution, and assassination. Seeking aid from abroad, the Nationalists received troops, tanks, and planes from Nazi Germany and Italy, which used Spain as a testing ground for new methods of tank and air warfare. From 1936 to 1939, civil war raged in Spain, on the periphery of continental politics. Made many demands against Germany to cut down its size and to reimburse France, which had been devastated by the war. The Cold War involved propaganda, proxy wars, covert actions. This was a treaty signed between Fascist brothers Adolph Hitler and Benito Mussolini. Omissions? On April 14, 1931 the Spanish monarchy was declared overthrown and a provisional