These cases have been seen mostly in younger men within several days after vaccination. Wiley; 2016. p. 124365. Saricaoglu EM, Hasanoglu I, Guner R. The first reactive arthritis case associated with COVID-19. But Cennimo said some earlier research suggests that some drugs may affect the immune response to vaccines. The patient was started on 100mg indomethacin twice a day and 80mg IM depot prednisolone based on this diagnosis. Page last reviewed: 24 October 2022 Primary meningococcal arthritis in a COVID-19 18-year-old man: a case report and review of the literature. Read about our approach to external linking. | slovenina Jiang F, Deng L, Zhang L, Cai Y, Cheung CW, Xia Z. No redness or warmth was found around the joint, as well as no mouth ulcers, rashes, Raynauds, or alopecia. If you do seek advice from a doctor or nurse, make sure you tell them about your vaccination (show them the vaccination card) so that they can assess you properly. MM, KS, and SM planned and carried out the laboratory tests. The coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccines are safe and effective. More info. I know of 2 people not related that had sever lower back pain when they had covid. Gently exercising the arm also increases blood flow to the area which can provide additional relief. RMD Open. Like all medicines, no vaccine is completely effective, so you should continue to take recommended precautions to avoid infection. Are You Fully Vaccinated Against COVID-19? Wu Z, Hu Y, Xu M, Chen Z, Yang W, Jiang Z, Li M, Jin H, Cui G, Chen P, Wang L, Zhao G, Ding Y, Zhao Y, Yin W. Lancet Infect Dis. There were 10 frequently reported reactions to the jab, happening to more than one in 10 people, which included: Injection-site tenderness Injection-site pain Headache Fatigue (feeling tired). We use your sign-up to provide content in ways you've consented to and to improve our understanding of you. Pfizer released the following statement: "We take adverse events that are potentially associated with our COVID-19 vaccine, BNT162b2, very seriously. There have been 19 side effects reported in those receiving the Pfizer Covid vaccine. Back to This leaflet tells you what to expect after you have had your primary or booster vaccination. Street fighting in Bakhmut but Russia not in control, Russian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims. Your body should respond more quickly (after a few days) after any additional doses. However, ultrasound images of the soft tissues around the hip revealed an increase in the thickness of synovium and articular effusion in the hips neck with a 7mm diameter (Fig. Google Scholar. Musculoskeletal Manifestations of COVID-19: Currently Described Clinical Symptoms and Multimodality Imaging Findings. As with all vaccines, you may have some side effects, such as pain or swelling at the site of the injection, fever, chills, tiredness, or headache. eCollection 2022. Published on Thursday, March 4, the weekly summary of Yellow Card reporting produced by government openly stated: "Side effects need to be continuously balanced against the expected benefits in preventing illness." Efficacy and risk of mRNA vaccination in patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Although some of the vaccine side effects are similar to the symptoms of COVID-19, the coronavirus vaccines wont give you COVID-19. These symptoms normally last less than a week. There are ways to manage pain that you may have after coronavirus (COVID-19). Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies "But there is overwhelming evidence of the effectiveness of the vaccine against serious illness. I haven't received the shot but I did recover from the virus; and one of my biggest symptoms was lower back pain. Lopez-Gonzales reported 4 cases of acute arthritis during COVID-19 admission, all of which had rheumatologic background diseases [13]. An official website of the United States government. Keywords: SARS-COV-2 usually presents with respiratory symptoms but can have various other manifestations and sequelae. But these records on their own cannot tell us whether they were caused by the jab. https://doi.org/10.1097/00000441-200608000-00008. Peiris JSM. This downward trend has also been seen in the number of patients admitted to hospital, so let's hope it stays that way. RMD Open. RT-PCR test using nasopharyngeal swab yielded positive results for the SARS-COV-2 virus; additionally, CT images showed ground-glass opacity typical of viral pneumonia. As for whether you should try to preempt your vaccine side effects with a pain reliever, Cennimo advises against it. 23 November 2022, Feedback display message, this and the title will be overided by Javascript. Ultrasonic images of soft tissue around the hip. Metyas S, Chen C, Aung T, Ballester A, Cheav S. Curr Rheumatol Rev. Dr. Sherrill Brown, medical director of infection prevention at AltaMed Health Services, a federally qualified healthcare center serving Los Angeles and Orange counties in California, agrees. Clinical symptoms were resolved after being treated using a combination of indomethacin and depot methyl-prednisolone for 14days. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002519. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. Can you catch COVID-19 from the vaccines? All of the authors have no conflict of interest to declare. One of the rare complications of COVID-19 infection is Reactive Arthritis. J Am Acad Dermatol. Further attention should be paid to symptoms occurring after an episode of infection with COVID-19 to expand our understanding of the disease and the symptoms with which it can manifest. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Would you like email updates of new search results? Article Probiotic supplements can be used as one part of an immune-boosting protocol to help reduce the likelihood of coronavirus infection. In the study, following the first dose of vaccine, there were: Meanwhile for people who had a coronavirus infection, there were approximately: There was also an increased risk of bleeds on the brain in the first seven days after a positive Covid test, but risks returned to a normal, baseline level within a month. Most of these are mild and short-term, and not everyone gets them. To protect yourself and your family, friends and colleagues, you must still: Please read the product information leaflet for more details on your vaccine, including possible side effects, on the Coronavirus Yellow Card website. "I also work as a GP and we want to make sure people are taking up the vaccine and booster jabs, and by doing that we will protect the health of the nation in the best way we can.". Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in healthy adults aged 18-59 years: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 clinical trial. People (except those who are moderately or severely immunocompromised) who first received a J&J/Janssen COVID-19 vaccine and got it again for their booster may also receive a booster of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna).Get the mRNA booster at least 2 months after the most recent J&J/Janssen booster. 2022 Oct 20;3(3):111-119. doi: 10.2478/rir-2022-0019. Zhang C, Wu Z, Li JW, Zhao H, Wang GQ. Is apple cider vinegar good for your liver? READ MORE:Lung cancer symptoms: The simple finger test to find out if youre at risk of the disease. Some information may be out of date. 2008;59(1):11321. All of the authors have no conflict of interest to declare. Can Probiotics Help Prevent or Treat COVID-19 Infection? People aged 16 and over, and some children aged 12 to 15, can also get a booster dose. But catching coronavirus is more risky for your health which is why doctors recommend people get immunised. A diagnosis of possible COVID-19-associated ReA was established based on the lab results and the images. Background: The MHRA is carrying out a detailed review of reports of an extremely rare blood clotting problem affecting a small number of people who had the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.JAA.0000558320.47868.2f. government site. Do we miss rare adverse events induced by COVID-19 vaccination. Covid vaccines and rare clots - what do we know? You can also report suspected side effects on the same website or by downloading the Yellow Card app. Find out more about what to expect after your COVID-19 vaccination on GOV.UK, Report a vaccine side effect on the COVID-19 Yellow Card website. Rare neurological conditions may occur after Covid vaccination, but the risk is far higher in people who catch Covid, new research suggests. Video, Russian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims, US-made cheese can be called 'gruyere' - court, AOC under investigation for Met Gala dress, The children left behind in Cuba's exodus, Saving Private Ryan actor Tom Sizemore dies at 61, Alex Murdaugh's legal troubles are far from over, Nelson's 97th-minute stunner gives Arsenal victory, Sonic boom heard as RAF Typhoon jets escort plane, Walkie Talkie architect Rafael Violy dies aged 78. Meanwhile, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) has said it is investigating possible side effects of COVID-19 vaccines produced by Pfizer and Moderna. Dont worry we wont send you spam or share your email address with anyone. Jen Mills Wednesday 7 Apr 2021 10:47 pm. However, a high temperature could also indicate that you have COVID-19 or another infection. MM, TE and RS carried out the physical examinations. eCollection 2022 Oct. Optom Vis Sci. Finally, she was diagnosed as ReA after CoronaVac vaccination and was administered a single intra-articular injection of 1 ml compound betamethasone. GBS causes inflammation of the nerves and can lead to numbness, weakness and pain, usually in the feet, hands and limbs and can spread to the chest and face. Coronaviruses. Corona Virus Disease-19 Vaccine-associated Autoimmune Disorders. Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines 7, 18 (2021). It is over a month after your second dose, so this is not a short term effect or potential problem, related or not to the shot. National Library of Medicine It can be treated and most people will eventually make a full recovery, but it can be very serious and even life-threatening for some. Color doppler sonography of right lower extremities found no signs of either stenosis in the arteries and thrombosis in deep and superficial veins. Ibuprofen helps. 2023 Feb;26(2):267-277. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.14482. MRI revealed a fluid rim around the pelvic area, suggesting inflammation in the right hip. Stay at home and get a test. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal SARS-COV-2 usually presents with respiratory symptoms but can have various other manifestations and sequelae. The number of coronavirus vaccinations in the UK is now nearing 21 million. Can a COVID-19 Vaccine Increase Your Risk of Shingles. In: Clinical Virology. *You're signing up to receive QVC promotional email. Locate the acromion and deltoid insertion at the middle of the humerus. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. COVID-19; Reactive arthritis; Spondyloarthritis. Upon hospitalization with an SPO2 of 88%, a complete blood workup was performed. They may ask what you're allergic to, to make sure you can have the vaccine. Am J Med Sci. Zhang Y, Zeng G, Pan H, Li C, Hu Y, Chu K, Han W, Chen Z, Tang R, Yin W, Chen X, Hu Y, Liu X, Jiang C, Li J, Yang M, Song Y, Wang X, Gao Q, Zhu F. Lancet Infect Dis. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-induced coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had a global spread. The benefits of vaccination far outweigh its potential risks and vaccination should be administered according to the current recommendations. More often after the second dose Does post-COVID reactive arthritis exist? The COVID-19 vaccine can help stop you getting seriously ill or dying from COVID-19. Adverse Events after COVID-19 Vaccination Are Rare Adverse events, including severe allergic reactions, after COVID-19 vaccination are rare but can happen. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. Source: He had his second dose of the coronavirus vaccine last week and took ibuprofen afterwards for a low-grade fever and some aches. Home of the Daily and Sunday Express. Privacy Rare neurological conditions may occur after Covid vaccination, but the risk is far higher in people who catch Covid, new research suggests. ReA after COVID-19 vaccination is rare. COVID-19 vaccines can also cause temporary side effects that feel similar to those of arthritis or RA, such as: joint pain muscle aches fever fatigue These effects usually last a few days but. volume7, Articlenumber:18 (2021) For people under 40 without other health conditions, it's preferable for you to have the Pfizer/BioNTech or Moderna vaccine instead of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine. Dementia: The single most important food to reduce your risk, Pfizer and Moderna vaccines linked to three new conditions - EMA, Covid vaccines side effects: J&J jab linked to low blood platelet, Pfizer vaccine side effects: Side effects range from hives to inflammation of the heart muscle, Vaccine safety: Covid vaccines have to go through several stages of clinical trials before approval, Pfizer Covid vaccine: Four new suspected side effects, Pfizer side effects: Teenage boys at risk of myocarditis, Pfizer vaccine side effects: Three serious 'feelings' in your chest, Vaccine immunity: How long it takes to build immunity, Pfizer vaccine: Four 'troubling' side effects that mainly follow second dose of Covid jab, High blood pressure: 75p fruit to reduce risk, Diabetes type 2: Four sensations in the feet, The habit that increases longevity by 50%, Pfizer Covid vaccine: The side effect 'more common' after second dose, Covid vaccine warning: Jabs could lead to colour change in fingers, Pfizer vaccine side effects: What to expect after the second jab, Non-severe allergic reactions such as rash, itching, hives, or swelling of the face, Myocarditis (inflammation of the heart muscle), Pericarditis (inflammation of the lining outside the heart), Children and young people aged between 12 and 17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.08.003. . Some stiffness, pain, and swelling for several days after the vaccination is a normal reaction. There were 10 frequently reported reactions to the jab, happening to more than one in 10 people, which included: Again, these reactions ranged from mild to moderate but passed within a few days following the injection. Wu IB, Schwartz RA. What's the least amount of exercise we can get away with? You can unsubscribe at any time. 8600 Rockville Pike Lpez-Gonzlez M-C, Peral-Garrido ML, Calabuig I, Tovar-Sugraes E, Jovani V, Bernabeu P, et al. 38 extra cases (compared to the baseline risk of getting the condition) of GBS for every 10 million adults having the Oxford-Astrazeneca vaccine, 60 extra cases of haemorrhagic stroke (a bleed in the brain) for every 10 million adults having the Pfizer vaccine, 145 extra GBS cases per 10 million with a positive test, 123 extra brain inflammation disorder cases like encephalitis meningitis and myelitis per 10 million people, 163 extra cases of myasthenia-like disorders (immune conditions affecting the nerves and muscles) per 10 million people. COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine BNT162b2 is a vaccine used for active immunisation to prevent COVID19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. And this latest research gives a reassuring message. The Delta variant is raging in many parts of the world and unvaccinated populations are at a far greater risk of death and the long-term effects associated with the viral disease. 2004;18(5 SPEC. No, but I had generalized body aches, a slight fever and chills, and felt flu-ish. Herein, we report a 58 year old woman hospitalized following COVID-19 infection and was discharged after a week. Yes, you can take OTC pain meds after getting the Covid vaccine, says CDC plus other tips for dealing with side effects. Its a nagging, throbbing type pain. The MHRA makes sure the vaccines meet strict international standards for safety, quality and effectiveness. Ann Rheum Dis. These microorganisms, however, are not the only ones to which ReA can be attributed. ReA after COVID-19 vaccination is rare. Learn how it feels and how to manage it. @AKgirl2 - If the pain persists, you should probably have it checked out by a doctor. The vaccines will also not make you contagious. "Vaccination is the single most effective way to reduce deaths and severe illness from COVID-19," said the MHRA. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Google Scholar. This publication is licensed under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0 except where otherwise stated. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted The protocols for the late-stage clinical trials of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna-NIAID coronavirus vaccines didnt prevent people from taking pain-relieving medications if they felt they needed it. COVID-19 Vaccine: Key FDA Panel Supports Updated Annual Shots. There is currently no direct evidence to suggest that a corticosteroid injection before or after the administration of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine decreases the efficacy of the vaccine.However, based on the known timeline of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression following epidural and intraarticular corticosteroid injections, and Get urgent medical advice if you have any of these symptoms within a few days of being vaccinated: Find out about the side effects for the COVID-19 vaccines currently available in the UK: COVID-19 vaccines have to go through several stages of clinical trials before they can be approved for use. Ducatez N, Chancel M, Douadi Y, Dayen C, Suguenot R, Lecuyer E, Brihaye B, Bentayeb H. BMC Infect Dis. Study 514559 showed that the Covid vaccine AZ was distributed to sciatic nerves in almost all animals and the distributed fractions did not clear throughout the study. The .gov means its official. 2020;6(2). The site is secure. Because of the high risk of complications and death from COVID-19, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), the World Health Organization and the European Medicines Agency have concluded that the balance is very much in favour of vaccination. Over 45 years of age, pain worse when walking and stiffness after moving. Further information is available from NHS.UK. INACTIVATED COVID-19 VACCINE CAN INDUCE REACTIVE POLYARTHRITIS IN OLDER PATIENTS: REPORT OF TWO CASES. The most recent research on the Omicron variant suggests it lives longer on surfaces than previous coronavirus variants. Cite this article. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Pfizer Says Bivalent COVID-19 Booster Significantly Increases Antibodies to Fight Omicron. For people aged 40 or over and those with other health conditions, the benefits of being vaccinated with the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine outweigh any risk of clotting problems. COVID-19-associated arthritis: an emerging new entity? If you have a serious allergic reaction to the 1st dose of a vaccine, you should not have the same vaccine for your 2nd dose. More recently, a study published this month in the Journal of Virology found that nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) which include ibuprofen reduced the production of antibodies and other aspects of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2. Omar IM, Weaver JS, Samet JD, Serhal AM, Mar WA, Taljanovic MS. Radiographics. To view this licence, visit nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, London TW9 4DU, or email: psi@nationalarchives.gov.uk. 2016;388(10055):202338. PubMed Central | The patient reported no family history of psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease or autoimmune reactions and had not traveled to any new location in the past 6months. Erdem N, Demirci S, zel T, Mamadova K, Karaali K, elik HT, Uslu FI, zkaynak SS. But if these drugs reduce the side effects of the vaccine, is there a chance that theyll also depress the immune systems beneficial response to vaccination? Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies 2021 Jul 30;74(7-08):273-276. doi: 10.18071/isz.74.0273. It will take only 2 minutes to fill in. Reiters syndrome: the classic triad and more. 2008;59(1):113121. More versatile and safer vaccines should be explored. Epub 2023 Jan 13. 1996;39(7):11727. PubMed QVC's Privacy Statement does not apply to these third-party web sites. Online ahead of print. One CDC study found that adults who received the J&J/Janssen COVID-19 . QVC is not responsible for the availability, content, security, policies, or practices of the above referenced third-party linked sites nor liable for statements, claims, opinions, or representations contained therein. Patient should abduct shoulder by 60 degrees and place hand on the ipsilateral hip (Figure 1). CAS She consequently presented to the clinic ten days after her discharge, complaining of walking difficulties and radiating pain in her right hip. Despite our effort to exclude the primary infections responsible for ReA, our ability to perform tests on the patients was heavily limited due to the high amount of resources allocated to COVID-19 patients during the current pandemic. Further attention should be paid to symptoms occurring after an episode of infection with COVID-19 to expand our understanding of the disease and the symptoms with which it can manifest. Cytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19: interleukin-6 receptor antagonist tocilizumab may be the key to reduce mortality. COVID-19 vaccines use the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to act as an intracellular antigen and produce an antibody response, thereby protecting against COVID-19 infection. what happens after one dose of pfizer or moderna vaccine? Brown also cautions that even over-the-counter pain relievers may not be appropriate for everyone. Only a few cases of arthritis caused by COVID-19 have been reported until now. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). This site needs JavaScript to work properly. You can rest and take the normal dose of paracetamol (follow the advice in the packaging) to help make you feel better. Injection site pain: 84.1% of Pfizer's trial . Very common side effects in the first day or two include: having a painful, heavy feeling and tenderness in the arm where you had your injection feeling tired headache, aches and chills You may. Among all vaccine recipients, 66.6% reported at least one systemic reaction in the 7 days after vaccination. Cookies policy. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Shokraee, K., Moradi, S., Eftekhari, T. et al. Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Clinical Research and Development Center, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Beheshti Blvd, Qom, Iran, Tahereh Eftekhari,Rasoul Shajari&Maryam Masoumi, You can also search for this author in For most people, however, the . An official website of the United States government. There have been 19 side effects reported in those receiving the Pfizer Covid vaccine. Cennimo said its not known how these medications interfere with vaccines, but the drugs may dampen the inflammatory response which shows up as fever and aches. At conservative gathering, Trump is still the favourite. Rheumatoid arthritis. Scottish Government - Opens in new browser window, Last updated: Reiters syndrome: the classic triad and more. A person may experience some side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine, including pain at the injection site, fatigue, headache, and, in rare cases, an arthritis flare. Click here to toggle the visibility of the search bar. You get any of these symptoms starting from around 4 days to 4 weeks after being vaccinated: There have been rare cases of inflammation of the heart (myocarditis) reported after COVID-19 vaccination. The vaccine cannot give you COVID-19 infection, and a full course will reduce your chance of becoming seriously ill. Clinical trials are where a vaccine or medicine is tested on volunteers to make sure it works and is safe. VideoRussian minister laughed at for Ukraine war claims, The children left behind in Cuba's mass exodus, Xi Jinping's power grab - and why it matters, Snow, Fire and Lights: Photos of the Week. When did your pain start after your 2nd shot on 2/4? If you are due for a mammogram in the few weeks after the vaccine, then you should mention that when you attend. But additional studies would be needed to know for certain. The authors of this study said that this raises the possibility that NSAIDs might also affect the immune response to coronavirus vaccination. Covid vaccines come with some side effects, which is a sign that your . Do. | It is important to note that the Covid vaccines can still engender a number of side effects, from mild to serious, although the benefits of getting vaccinated far outweigh the risks posed by the virus. | "Serious adverse events that are unrelated to the vaccine are unfortunately likely to occur at a similar rate as they would in the general population.". Toivanen A, Toivanen P. Reactive arthritis. Chest pain Shortness of breath Feelings of having a fast-beating, fluttering, or pounding heart Myocarditis and pericarditis have rarely been reported. This information is a copy of the product information for COVID-19 vaccines and medicines, which outlines the conditions under which the products should be used and information on its known safety. I would think your issues may be from something else. Fatty liver disease symptoms: Nail changes could signal the condition, Covid vaccine side effects: After effects 'more common' second time, Diabetes type 2 symptoms: Foot drop is a sign of high blood sugar, Coronavirus vaccine: The most common side effects of the jab exposed. PMC Further investigation is required to establish the probability of ReA after infection with the SARS-COV-2 and to find the most appropriate treatment for this condition. People aged under 30 will be offered a different vaccine in the UK (Picture: Metro.co.uk) People who have had the Oxford AstraZeneca coronavirus vaccine . She is a teacher that got covid and was not as ill as when they gave her shots. This is a case report of a 68-year-old woman without history of autoimmune conditions, who presented to our emergency department 7 days after receiving the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. Google Scholar. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Very common side effects in the first day or two include: You may also have flu like symptoms with episodes of shivering and shaking for a day or two. 2023. All data of this study are included in this published article. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal Other known microorganisms responsible for reactive arthritis were ruled out before attributing it to the earlier COVID-19 infection. She presented with swollen, painful left knee joint for 18 d. She had been inoculated 0.5 ml CoronaVac vaccine on 0 d and the 14th day with deltoid intramuscular injection. Wiley; 2016. p. 124365. Case Report of a Rare Cause of Reactive Arthritis: Leptospirosis. At its worst, the period beginning six to 12 hours after the. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.bor.0000163447.44037.c4. FOIA Vaccines play an essential role in preventing the spread. Most side effects are mild and should not last longer than a week, such as: You may also get a high temperature or feel hot or shivery 1 or 2 days after your vaccination. COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine BNT162b2 is given to adults and. Further attentions should be put to determine which individual is at higher risk for developing autoimmune diseases after COVID-19 vaccination. 2020;55(5):105954. doi: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105954. These are: pain at the injection site; fatigue; headache; myalgia in other words, muscle pain; chills; fever; and arthralgia - i.e.